Niches of Stem Cells

Authors

  • Michel Goldberg Faculty of Fundamental and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Oral Biology, Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR-S 1124, Paris, France

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8695.2020.08.1

Keywords:

Stem cells, Extracellular substrates, Asymmetric or symmetric division, Adhesion molecules, Cell terminal differentiation.

Abstract

In niches, stem cells are associated with adhesion extracellular matrix molecules (ECM). This gives rise to cells that retain their ‘stemness’, control their self-renewal and their progeny production, by using asymmetric or symmetric divisions. The adhesion molecules include N-cadherin/β-catenin, VCAM/integrin, and osteopontin /β1 integrin. They create a microenvironment that favor cell division, and interactions leading to cell differentiation. Asymmetric division contributes to self-renewal (a single division) and produce daughter cells that conduct to terminal differentiation. C-Myc is involved in controlling the balance between stem cell maintenance and proliferation. Daughter cells are expressing low levels of c-Myc. They are retained in the niche in a quiescent state, whereas, high levels of c-Myc expression in the remaining daughter cells supports the proliferation of cells and the displacement of dividing transit cells and their replacement leading to terminal differentiation. 

References

Spradling A, Drummond-Barbosa D, Kai T. Stem cells find their niche. Nature 2001; 414(11): 98-104. https://doi.org/10.1038/35102160

Scadden DT. The stem-cell niche as an entity of action Nature 2006; 441(6): 1075-1079. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04957

Moore KA, Lemischka IR. Stem cells and their niches Science 2006; 311(3): 1880-1885. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1110542

Raymond K, Deugnier M-A, Faraldo M, Glukhova MA. Adhesion within stem cell niches Current Opinion in Cell Biology 2009; 21: 623-629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceb.2009.05.004

Stier S, Ko Y, Forkert R, Lutz C, Neuhaus T, Grûnewald et al. Osteopontin is a hematopoietic stem cell niche component that negatively regulates stem cell pool size. J Experimental Medicine 2005; 201(11): 1781-1791. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20041992

Schofield, R. The relationship between the spleen colonyforming cell and the haemopoietic stem cell. Blood Cells 1978; 4: 7-25.

Mitsiadis T, Barrandon O, Rochat A, Barrandon Y, de Bari C. Stem cell niches in mammals. Exprimental Cell Research 2007; 313: 3377-3385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.07.027

Wagers AJ. The stem cell niche in regenerative medicine Cell Stem Cell 2012; 10(4): 362-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2012.02.018

Yin T, Li L. The stem cell niches in bone J. Clin. Invest 2006; 116(5): 1195-1201. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI28568

Fuchs E, Tumbar T, Guasch G. Socializing with the neighbors: stem cells and their niche. Cell 2004; 116: 769- 778. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00255-7

Morrison SJ, Kimble J. Asymmetric and symmetric stem-cell divisions in development and cancer Nature 2006; 441 (6): 1068-1074. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04956

Morrison SJ, Sprading AC. Stem cells and niches: mechanisms that promote stem cell maintenance throughout life. Cell. 2008; 132(2): 598-611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2008.01.038

Kim K, Doi A, Wen B, Ng K, Zhao R, Cahan P et al., Epigenetic memory in induced pluripotent stem cells. Nature 2010; 16(9): 285-290. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09342

Shi S, Gronthos S. Perivascular niche of postnatal Mesenchymal Stem Cells in human Bone Marrow and dental pulp. J Bone Mineral Res 2003; 18(4): 696-704. https://doi.org/10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.4.696

Machado CV, Passos ST, Campos TMC, Bernardi L, Vilas- Boas DS, Nör JE, Telles PDS, Nascimento IL. The dental pulp stem cell niche based on aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 expression. Int Endod J 2016; 49(8): 755-763. https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12511

Kerkis I, Caplan AI. Stem cells in dental pulp of deciduous teeth. Tissue Engineering: Part B 2012; 18(2): 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0327

Egusa H, Sonoyama W, Nishimura M, Atsuta I, Akiyama K. Stem cells in dentistry- Part II: Clinical applications. J Prosthodontic Research 2012; 56: 229-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpor.2012.10.001

Downloads

Published

06-06-2020

How to Cite

Goldberg, M. (2020). Niches of Stem Cells. The Journal of Dentists, 8, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8695.2020.08.1

Issue

Section

Articles