The Pharmaceutical Industry May Move into a New Industry of Medicinal and Edible Plants Under the Impact of COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-858X.2023.11.4Keywords:
COVID-19, Medicinal and edible plants, Sequelae of COVID-19, Dandelion, One health, Earth ecologyAbstract
In the global impact of COVID-19, we need to broaden our health perspective and have an overall concept of the health of all organisams in a given ecosystem. There are many drawbacks in the traditional pharmaceutical industry, which can not well solve the current problems such as the large number of sequelae of the new coronavirus, the epidemic of infectious diseases, and the climate and earth ecology caused by carbon emissions of the one health social ecosystem. In the world, plants with a long history of use, such as dandelion, can improve the sequelae of the new coronavirus, the epidemic of nutrition disorders, carbon emission reduction in one health and food security, etc. The pharmaceutical industry is more likely to enter the new industry of plants with the medicinal and edible homologous plants. The individuals eat from medicine to medicinal and edible homologous plants. The pharmaceutical industry institutions spread traditional medicine and traditional culture, and everyone understands food and medicine. The individuals are the first person responsible for your own health, and realize everyone's medicine and lifelong medicine.
References
Marani M, Katul GG, Pan WK, Parolari AJ. Intensity and frequency of extreme novel epidemics. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2021; 118 (35): e2105482118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2105482118
Jones KE, Patel NG, Levy MA, Storeygard A, Balk D, Gittleman JL,, et al. Global trends in emerging infectious diseases. Nature 2008; 451(7181): 990-3. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06536
Davis HE, McCorkell L, Vogel JM, Topol EJ. Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2023; 21(3): 133-146. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-022-00846-2
Taquet M, Sillett R, Zhu L, Mendel J, Camplisson I, Dercon Q, Harrison PJ. Neurological and psychiatric risk trajectories after SARS-CoV-2 infection: an analysis of 2-year retrospective cohort studies including 1 284 437 patients. Lancet Psychiatry. 2022; 9(10): 815-827. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00260-7
Xu E, Xie Y, Al-Aly Z. Long-term neurologic outcomes of COVID-19.Nat Med. 2022; 28(11): 2406-15. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-02001-z
Ma J, Liu J, Gao DQ, Li X, Zhang QY, Lv L, et al. Establishment of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Skin Organoids Enabled Pathophysiological Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9(7): e2104192. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202104192
Liu JF, Zhou YN, Lu SY, Yang YH, Wu SF, Liu DP, et al. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic profifiling of COVID-19- associated lung and liver injury: a report based on rhesus macaques. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7(1): 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-00882-7
Yordi S, Ehlers JP. COVID-19 and the eye. Cleve Clin J Med, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.87a.ccc068
Koh S, Rhee MK. COVID-19 and Dry Eye. Eye Contact Lens 2021; 47(6): 317-322. https://doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000000797
Domínguez-Varela IA, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez LA, Morales-Mancillas NR, Barrera-Sánchez M, Macías-Rodríguez Y, Valdez-García JE. COVID-19 and the eye: a review. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 53(6): 399-403. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2021.1882697
Su YP, Yuan D, Chen DG, Ng RH, Wang K, Choi J, etal. Multiple early factors anticipate post-acute COVID-19 sequelae. Cell 2022; 185(5): 881-895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.014
Zhu L, She ZG, Cheng X, Qin JJ, Zhang XJ, Cai J, et al. Association of Blood Glucose Control and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 and Pre-existing Type 2 Diabetes. Cell Metab 2020; 31(6): 1068-1077.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2020.04.021
Cao X, Li W, Wang T, Ran D, Davalos V, Planas-Serra L, et al. Accelerated biological aging in COVID-19 patients. Nat Commun 2022; 13(1): 2135. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29801-8
Behrooz L, Ho JE, Hamburg NM. Vascular Aging After COVID-19: A Story of Lasting Injury or Prolonged Healing? Circ Res 2022; 130(9): 1286-1288. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.122.321028
Guo Y, Zhang Y, Hu Y. COVID-19 subgroups may slow down biological age acceleration. J Infect 2023; 86(1): 66-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2022.10.018
Noh YH, Kim DH, Kim JY, Park J, Kim OH, Han D, et al. Improvement of andropause symptoms by dandelion and rooibos extract complex CRS-10 in aging male. Nutr Res Pract 2012; 6(6): 505-12. https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2012.6.6.505
Zhao L, Zhao JL, Bai Z, Du J, Shi Y, Wang Y, etal. Polysaccharide from dandelion enriched nutritional composition, antioxidant capacity, and inhibited bioaccumulation and inflammation in Channa asiatica under hexavalent chromium exposure. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 201: 557-568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.117
Davenport MP, Fazou C, McMichael AJ, Callan FC. Clonal Selection, Clonal Senescence, and Clonal Succession: The Evolution of the T Cell Response to Infection with a Persistent Virus. J Immunol 2002; 168(7): 3309-17. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.168.7.3309
Bender BS, Small PAS. Heterotypic Immune Mice Lose Protection against Influenza Virus Infection with Senescence. J Infect Dis 1993; 168(4): 873-80. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/168.4.873
AbuBakar S, Shu MH, Johari J, Wong PF. Senescence Affects Endothelial Cells Susceptibility to Dengue Virus Infection.Int J Med Sci 2014; 11(6): 538-44. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.7896
Wandrer F, Han B, Liebig S, Schlue J, Manns MP, Schulze-Osthoff K, et al. Senescence mirrors the extent of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 48(3): 270-280. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14802
Ted Alcorn, Yadan Ouyang. Big pharma looks to ancient China for new cures. The Lancet Oncology 2012; 13 (11): 1080. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70465-5
Hyder S, Chhem RK, Claes F. Pestilence and famine: Continuing down the vicious cycle with COVID-19. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18(10): e1010810. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010810
Cao YX. Prevention of infectious diseases must pay attention to nutrition -- interview Professor Zhao Lin, an expert in nutrition and health education. Medical Health Care Newspaper, 2006; 14.
Sinha P, Lönnroth K, Bhargava A, Heysell SK, Sarkar S, Salgame P, et al. Food for thought: addressing undernutrition to end tuberculosis. Lancet Infect Dis 2021; 21(10): e318-e325. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30792-1
Chiu YY, Lin CY, Yu LS, Wang WH, Huang CH, Chen YH. The association of obesity and dengue severity in hospitalized adult patients. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2023; 56(2): 267-273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2022.08.008
Chen JM, Li GH, Ji YF, Sun MH, Gong HY, Chen RX, et al. A highly powerful nonspecific strategy to reduce COVID-19 deaths. J Med Virol 2022; 94(10): 5051-5055. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.27949
Li YL, Sun YB, He J, Zhao P, Luo PJ, Bai JS, et al. Preliminary study on relationships among nutritional risk, serum prealbumin, and peripheral blood T cell subsets in patients with severe COVID-19. Infect Dis (Lond) 2021; 53(1): 69-71. https://doi.org/10.1080/23744235.2020.1810308
Cuevas A, Barquera S. COVID-19, Obesity, and Undernutrition: A Major Challenge for Latin American Countries. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28(10): 1791-1792. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.22961
Hou YC, Su WL, Chao YC. COVID-19 Illness Severity in the Elderly in Relation to Vegetarian and Non-vegetarian Diets: A Single-Center Experience. Front Nutr 2022; 9: 837458. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.837458
EI-Saadony MT, Zabermawi NM, Zabermawi NM, Burollus MA, Shafi ME, Alagawany M, et al. Nutritional Aspects and Health Benefits of Bioactive Plant Compounds against Infectious Diseases: A Review. Food Reviews International, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2021.1944183
Yang Y, Ying GX, Wu SS, Wu FT, Chen Z. In vitro inhibition effects of hepatitis B virus by dandelion and taraxasterol. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15: 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-020-00309-4
Tran HT, Gigl M, Dawid C, Lamy E. Common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) leaf extract efficiently inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection in vitro bioRxiv - Microbiology 2022. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.22.521558
He W, Han HM, Wang W, Gao B. Anti-influenza virus effect of aqueous extracts from dandelion. Virol J 2011; 8: 538. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-422X-8-538
Cai XJ, Shao Y, Wang ZY, Xu YK, Ren ZY, Fu L, etal. Antiviral activity of dandelion aqueous extract against pseudorabies virus both in vitro and in vivo. Front Vet Sci 2023; 9: 1090398. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.1090398
Liang YK, Duan HB, Zhang P, Han H, Gao FX, Li YX, etal. Extraction and isolation of the active ingredients of dandelion and its antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21(1): 229-239. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10797
Li M, Zhang HN, Hu XY, Liu YM, Liu YF, Song MJ, etal. Isolation of a New Polysaccharide from Dandelion Leaves and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anticancer Activities. Molecules 2022; 27(21): 7641. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217641
Li JW, Luo JY, Chai YY, Guo Y, Yang TZ, Bao YH. Hypoglycemic effect of Taraxacum officinale root extract and its synergism with Radix Astragali extract. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9(4): 2075-2085. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.2176
González-Castejón M, García-Carrasco B, Fernández-Dacosta R, Dávalos A, Rodriguez-Casado A. Reduction of adipogenesis and lipid accumulation by Taraxacum officinale (Dandelion) extracts in 3T3L1 adipocytes: an in vitro study. Phytother Res 2014; 28(5): 745-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.5059
Gatterer L, Kriwan F, Tanous D, Wirnitzer K. Human health in peril: The need to upgrade medical education in light of COVID-19. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9: 999671. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.999671
Pronk NP, Faghy MA. Causal systems mapping to promote healthy living for pandemic preparedness: a call to action for global public health. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19(1): 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-022-01255-7
Watts N, Amann M, Arnell N, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Beagley J, Belesova K. The 2020 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises. Lancet 2021; 397(10269): 129-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32290-X
Zinsstag J, Kaiser-Grolimund A, Heitz-Tokpa K, Sreedharan R, Lubroth J, Caya F, et al. Advancing One human-animal-environment Health for global health security: what does the evidence say? Lancet 2023; 401(10376): 591-604. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01595-1
Waage J, Grace D, Fèvre EM, McDermott J, Lines J, Wieland B, et al. Changing food systems and infectious disease risks in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet Planetary Health, 2022; 6(9): e760-e768. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00116-4
Zhang N. Climate change could cause a global food crisis. Ecological economy 2021; 37(8): 5-8.
Abd El-Hack ME, Abdelnour SA, Taha AE, et al. Herbs as thermoregulatory agents in poultry: An overview. Sci Total Environ 2020; 703: 134399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134399
Shah UA, Merlo G. Personal and Planetary Health-The Connection With Dietary Choices. JAMA 2023, 329 (21): 1823-1824. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2023.6118
Lefrançois T, Malvy D, Atlani-Duault L, Benamouzig D, Druais P-L, Yazdanpanah Y, etal. After 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, translating One Health into action is urgent. Lancet, 2023; 401(10378): 789-794. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01840-2
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
