Morphological and Physiological Responses of Grafted Melon Subjected to Fusarium Wilt and Water Stress

Authors

  • Aynur Ozbahce Selcuk University, Cumra Vocational School, Plant and Animal Production Department, Konya, Türkiye
  • Yakup Kosker Soil, Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
  • Rohat Gultekin Soil, Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
  • Ceren Gorgisen Soil, Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
  • Kadri Avag Soil, Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
  • Yasemin Demir Soil, Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye
  • Seral Yucel Selcuk University, Silifke-Tasucu Vocational School, Plant and Animal Production Department, Mersin, Türkiye

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-858X.2022.10.04

Keywords:

Melon, Fusarium wilt, Rootstocks, Chlorophyll content, Stomatal conductance, CWSI

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of different rootstocks on crop water stress index (CWSI), some morphological and physiological parameters of grafted melon under soil-borne pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.melonis) and water stress conditions. The study was carried out in Çumra District of Konya Province in Türkiye for two years. The main plots consisted of three different irrigation levels and the sub plots consisted of subjects with melon plants with different rootstocks. The experiment was carried out in a split-plot design with three replications. In the study, four different rootstocks; 1-Ungrafted, 2-Ferro, 3-Maximus and TZ 148 were used. Edalı F1 variety (Cucumis melo var. Edalı F1) was used as a scion in the experiment. Irrigation was done in the four vegetation periods (early vegetative, late vegetative, flowering-fruit setting and ripening) of plant. Irrigation consisted of issues to increase soil depth from 0-90 cm to field capacity (I100), 50% (I50) of soil available water field capacity and rainfed (I0). As a result of the experiment, while leaf water potential (LWP) and leaf relative water content (RWC) increased with the increase of irrigation water in both years, the chlorophyll content was higher in I100, stomatal conductance was the highest in I50 of irrigation water, while the increase in irrigation water decreased stomatal conductance. In terms of physiological parameters measured in the plant, chlorophyll content and RWC values in the first year, Ferro, TZ-148 and Maximus rootstock, respectively, in the second year, Maximus rootstock reached the best value stem diameter in both years. CWSI was also affected by the applications.

References

Elmaghrabi AM, Rogers HJ, Francis D, Ochatt SJ. 2017. PEG induces high expression of the cell cycle checkpoint gene WEE1 in embryogenic callus of Medicago truncatula: Potential link between cell cycle checkpoint regulation and osmotic stress. Front. Plant Sci. 8: 1479. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01479

Lamaoui M, Jemo M, Datla R, Bekkaoui F. 2018a. Heat and drought stresses in crops and approaches for their mitigation. Front. Chem. 6: 26. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2018.00026

Aloni B, Karni L, Deventurero G, Levin Z, Cohen R, Katzir N, Lotan-Pompan M, Edelstein M, Aktas H, Turhan E, Joel DM, Hoev C, Kapulnik Y. 2008. Possible mechanisms for graft incompatibility between melon scions and pumpkin rootstocks. Acta Hort 782: 313-324. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.782.39

Anonymous 2021. Agricultural structure and production. Government statistic institute of prime minister publication. Available from: http://www.tuik.gov.tr (in Turkish).

Scot, JC, Gordon TR, Shaw DV, Koike ST. 2010. Effect of Temperature on Severity of Fusarium Wilt of Lettuce Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae. The American Phytopathological Society, 13-17. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-1-0013

Yücel S, Pala H, Sari N, Abak K. 1994. Determination of Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. melonis Races in the East Mediterranean Region of Türk iye and Response of some melon genotypes to the disease. 9th Congress of the Mediterranean Phytopathological Union, September 18-24, 1994, Kusadasi-Aydin, Türkiye, 87-89.

Gaion LA, Braz LT, Carvalho RF. Grafting in vegetable crops: A great technique for agriculture. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 2017; 24(1): 85-102. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2017.1357062

Miles C, Devi P, Zhao X, Guan W, 2017. Grafting manual: How to produce grafted vegetables plants. United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute Food and Agriculture. (http://www.vegetablesgrafting.org).

Lee JM, Kubota C, Tsao SJ, Bie Z, Hoyos Echevarria P, Morra L, Oda M. Current status of vegetable grafting: Diffusion, grafting techniques, automation. Sci. Hort. 2010; 127: 93-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.08.003

Leonardi C, Giuffrida F. Variation of plant growth and macronutrient uptake in grafted tomatoes and eggplants on three different rootstocks. Eur. J. Hort. Sci. 2006; 71: 97-101.

Zhao X, Guan W, Huber DJ. 2016. Melon Grafting in Handbook of Cucurbits: Growth, Cultural Practices, and Physiology. M. Pessarakli ed. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL.

James LG. 1993. Principles of farm irrigation system design. Krieger publishing company, Florida.

James LG. 1988. Principles of farm irrigation system design. Wiley, New York, 543.

Türkan I, Bor M, Özdemir F, Koca H. Differantial Responses of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidants in the Leaves of Droutght-Tolerant P. acutifolius Gray and Drought Sensetive P. vulgaris L. Subjected to Polyethylene Glycol Mediates Water Stres. Plant Science, 2005; 168: 223-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.07.032

Idso SB, Jackson RD, Pinter JR, Reginato RJ, Hatfield JL. Normalizing the Stress-Degree-Day Parameter For Environmental Variability. Agric. Meteorol 1981; 24: 45-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-1571(81)90032-7

Komada H. 1975. Development of a selective medium for quantitative isolation of Fusarium oxysporum from natural soil. Review of Plant Protection Research 1975; 8: 114-124.

Pazzagli PT, Weiner J, Liu FL. Effects of CO2 elevation and irrigation regimes on leaf gas exchange, plant water relations, and water use efficiency of two tomato cultivars. Agric. Water Manag. 2016; 169: 26-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.02.015

Curran PJ, Dungan JL, Gholz HL. Exploring the relationship between reflectance red edge and chlorophyll content in slashpine. Tree Physiology. 2002; 7: 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/7.1-2-3-4.33

Filella I, Serrano I, Serra J, Penuelas J. Evaluating wheat nitrogen status with canopy reflectance indices and discriminant analysis. Crop Sci., 1995; 35: 1400-1405. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500050023 x

Gargin S. Determination of leaf chlorophyll concentrations (SPAD) of different American grapevine rootstocks used in viticulture. I. Ali Numan Kiraç Agriculture Congress and Fair with International Participation, 2011; 27-30 April Eskisehir, Türkiye.

Keskin G. 2016. The Effect of Rootstock Use on Melon Growth and Yield Under Restricted Irrigation Conditions. Erciyes Univ, FBE, Master Thesis, Türkiye.

Bikdeloo M, Colla G, Rouphael Y, Hassandokht, MR, Soltani F, Salehi R, Kumar P, Cardarelli M. Morphological and Physio-Biochemical Responses of Watermelon Grafted onto Rootstocks of Wild Watermelon

[Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad] and Commercial Interspecific Cucurbita Hybrid to Drought Stress. Horticulturae 2021; 7: 359. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7100359

Kumar P, Rouphael Y, Cardarelli M, Colla G. Effect of nickel and grafting combination on yield, fruit quality, antioxidative enzyme activ ities, lipid peroxidation, and mineral composition of tomato. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 2015; 178: 848-860. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201400651

Salbas B. 2018. Plant Based Measurement Techniques in Irrigation Time Planning. Namik Kemal Univ. Biosystems Engineering, Master Thesis, Türkiye.

Lamaoui, M, Chakhchar A, Kharrassi Y, Wahbi S, Modafar C. Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Responses to Water Stress in Melon (Cucumis melo) Subjected to Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI) and Partial Rootzone Drying (PRD). J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2018b; 21(4): 407-416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-018-0122-0

Chaves MM, Santos TP, Souza CR, Ortuño MF, Rodrigues ML, Lopes CM, 2007. Deficit irrigation in grapevine improves water-use efficiency while controlling vigour and production quality. Ann. Appl. Biol. 2007; 150: 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2006.00123.x

Dry PR, Loveys BR, Düring H. 2000. Partial drying of the rootzone of grape. I. Transient changes in shoot growth and gas exchange. Vitis. 39: 3-7

Bigdelo M, Hassandokht MR, Rouphael Y, Colla G, Soltani F, Salehi R. Evaluation of bitter apple (Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad) as potential rootstock for watermelon. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 2017; 11: 727-732. https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.17.11.06.p492

Ozbahce A, Kosker Y, Gultekin R, Gorgisen C, Avag K, Demir Y, Yucel S. Impact of different rootstocks and limited water on yield and fruit quality of melon grown in a field naturally infested with Fusarium wilt. Scientia Horticulturae, 2021; 289: 110482, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110482

Ozbahce A. Chemigation for soil-borne pathogen management on melon growth under drought stress. Australasian Plant Pathology, 2014; 43(3): 299-306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-014-0270-2

Rouphael Y, Cardarelli M, Colla G, Rea E. Yield, mineral composition, water relations, and water use efficiency of grafted mini-watermelon plants under deficit irrigation. Hort Science, 2008; 43: 730-736. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.43.3.730

Bozkurt YÇ, Yazar A, Çolak I, Akça H, Duraktekin G. Evaluation of Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) for Eggplant under Varying Irrigation Regimes Using Surface and Subsurface Drip Systems. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 2015; 4: 372-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.03.042

Martyn RD, Gordon TR. Compendium of cucurbit diseases. APS Press 1998; 87: 14-15. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.882432

Ben-Yephet Y, Frank ZR. Effect of soil structure on penetration by metham-sodium and of temperature on concentrations required to kill soil-borne pathogens. Phytopatlogy 1985; 75: 403-406. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-75-403

Shalaby TA, Taha NA, Rakha MT, Beltagi HS, Shehata WF, Ramadan KMA, Ramady H, Bayoumi YA. 2022. Can Grafting Manage Fusarium Wilt D isease of Cucumber and Increase Productivity under Heat Stress? Plants 2022; 11: 1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11091147

Cohen R, Horev C, Burger Y, Shriber S, Hershenhorn J, Katan J, Edelstein M. Horticultural and pathological aspect of fusarium wilt management using grafted melons. HortScience 2002; 37(7): 1069-1073. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.37.7.1069

Downloads

Published

08-11-2022

How to Cite

Ozbahce, A. ., Kosker, Y. ., Gultekin, R. ., Gorgisen, C. ., Avag, K. ., Demir, Y. ., & Yucel, S. . (2022). Morphological and Physiological Responses of Grafted Melon Subjected to Fusarium Wilt and Water Stress. Global Journal Of Botanical Science, 10, 28–38. https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-858X.2022.10.04

Issue

Vol. 10 (2022)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2022 Aynur Ozbahce, Yakup Kosker, Rohat Gultekin, Ceren Gorgisen, Kadri Avag, Yasemin Demir, Seral Yucel

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.