Micropropagation of some Sewa Oasis Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivars Grown in Egypt
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-858X.2017.05.01.4Keywords:
Date palm, Embryogenic callus, Somatic embryogenesis.Abstract
Shoot tip and leaf primordial explants of Phoenix dactylifera L. cvs. (Sewi and Oshkingbeel) were cultured in modified MS medium supplemented with various combinations between different growth regulators cytokinins (2iP or BA) and Auxins (2, 4-D or NAA). Friable callus was produced from shoot tip and leaf primordial explants. The highest percentage of callus initiation was achieved on modified MS medium supplemented with 100 mg/L 2,4-D and 3 mg/L 2iP for shoot tip and leaf primordial explants. The highest percentage of embryogenic callus was achieved on modified MS medium supplemented with 10 mg/L 2,4-D, 5 mg/L NAA, 3 mg/L 2iP and 3.0 g/L activated charcoal which gave 87.5% and 75% for Sewi and Oshkingbeel cvs., respectively. Somatic embryos formation were obvious on modified MS medium plus 0.1 mg/L NAA which gave the highest average number (5.16, 4.94) for Sewi and Oshkingbeel, respectively after three subcultures. Greatest embryonic elongation resulted at 0.5 mg/L 2iP + 0.5 mg/L kinetin + 40 g/L sucrose in solid full strength MS medium. Also, the highest value of leaves number was shown on the same medium. The complete plantlets developed from individual embryos (5-10 cm) were transferred to rooting MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L NAA with good growth in solid and liquid media. Rooted date palm plantlets from both cultivars were transferred to plastic pots (5cm diameter) containing peat-moss, sand and vermiculite at equal volume. Acclimatization percentage decreased gradually during four months in the first acclimatization stage. Date palm plantlets produced from the first acclimatization stage were transferred to plastic pots (20 cm diameter) containing peatmoss, washed sand and vermiculite at equal volume for more growth and development to be ready to cultivate in the field. Although survival percentage was low during the first acclimatization stage, it was very high in the second acclimatization stage and date palm survival percentage became constant after another six months with good growth.References
Moustafa A. Studies on pollination of date palms. Proceedings the First International Conference on date palm. AL-Ain. United Arab Emirates, March 8-10, 1998; pp. 39-48.
Ibrahim IA, Hegazy AE. Micropropagation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera Z, cv. Samany) via direct organogenesis. The First International Conferenence in Egypt on Plant Tissue Culture and its Application 1999; pp. 201-207.
Hassan MM, Ibrahim IA, Fathy NM, Ebrahim MK, Komor E. Protocol for Micropropagated Date Palm Acclimatization: Effect of Micropropagated Plantlet Type, Soil Composition, and Acclimatization Season. International Journal of Fruit Science 2014; 14: 225-233. https://doi.org/10.1080/15538362.2013.819219
Ibrahim IA, Hassen MM, Seif A, Maksoud AI. Propagation of Semi Dry Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) grown in New Valley Using Tissue Culture Techniques. 1st International Conference of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology"" Integrative Science and Biotechnology"". Sharm El-SheikhEgypt April 26-29-2016.
Gabr MF, Tisserate B. Propagation palms in vitro with special emphasis on the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Scientia Horticulture 1985; 25(3): 255-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(85)90123-2
Eke CR, Akomeah P, Asemota O. Somatic embryogenesis date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) from apical meristem tissues from "" Zebia"" and ""Loko"" landraces. Afr J Biotechnol 2005; 4(3): 244-246.
Eslam M. High frequency somatic embryo in date palm by shoot tip. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran 2006; 3:19-21.
Khattab MM, Ibrahim IA, Gadalla EG. In vitro propagation of Egyptian dry date palm. 1.Effect of explant type and date of culture on browning phenomenon & callus formation and plant growth regulators containing medium on embryogenic callus formation.Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo, University 2003; 54: 4, 555-568.
Pierik RL. In vitro Culture of Higher Plants. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers,Dordecht / Boston / Lancaster 1987.
El-Taras AE, Hossni YA, El-Banna A, Aly AS. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Cultivars Identification Using RAPD Technique. Egypt J Hort 2002; 29(2): 217-228.
Ibrahim IA, Hassn M, Darwesh RSS. Pre-acclimatization stage of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) plantlets cv. Barhee as affected by potassium nitrate and sucrose. Journal of Biological Chemistry & Environmental Sciences 2012; 7(3): 1-20.
Ibrahim IA, Hemeida AA, Abdelkader S, Girguis AA, Abou-ElEnin H. Genetic variance between some Egyptian date palm cultivars using PCR – based markers with emphasize on the prevalence of Al wijam disease. Archieve of Phytopathology and Plant Protection 2011; 44: 732-742. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235400802246929
Murashige T, Skoog FA. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 1962; 15: 473-497. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
Hassen MM, Ibrahim IA, Ebrahim MK, Komor E. Improvement of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration of seven date palm (Phoenix dactilifera L.) cultivars: Effect of cytokinins and activated charcoal. J Applied Horticulture 2013; 15(1): 26-31.
Bottino BG. Methods in Plant Tissue Culture. Dept. of Hort., Agric., Maryland Univ., College Park, Maryland, USA, 1981; pp. 8-29.
Snedecor: Statistical methods 6th ed. The Iowa state Univ. Press, Ames. Iowa, USA 1980.
El-Dawayati MMA. Physiological studies on date palm micropropagation M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University. Egypt 2003.
Mater A. In vitro propagation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Date Palm J 1986; 4(2): 138-152.
Zaid ZE, Gomaa AH, Ibrahim IA. Somatic embryogenesis production of palm (phoenix dactylijera L.) by application of abscisic acid (ABA). Proceed. International Conference. Genet. Eng. & Appl., Sharm EL-Sheikh, South Sinai, Egypt (April, 8-11, 2004); 467-481.
Hegazy AE, Nesiem MRA, Ibrahim IA, EL-Ghamrawy NK. Direct Somatic Embryos of Date Palm I- Induction and Development The Third International Date Palm, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 19-21 February 2006; p. 38.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Ibrahim A. Ibrahim, Mahdia F. Gabr, Mahmoud I. Nasr, Alaa A. Hemeida, Mohamed I. Diab
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
