Evaluation of Water Absorption Effects on the Mechanical Properties and Sound Propagation Behavior of Polyester Matrix- Sponge Gourd Reinforced Composite
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-8717.2016.04.01.4Keywords:
Composite, lignocellulosic fibers, mechanical behavior, sonic test, water absorption.Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the variation of the mechanical properties of a polyester matrix composite reinforced by sponge gourd fibers as a function of immersion time in water. The characterization of the composite was performed using bending mechanical test and a sonic test. The Young's modulus and the sound propagation characteristics of the composite were evaluated as a function of immersion time. The water diffusion coefficient was also determined. The results indicate that the percentage of water absorbed increases rapidly, but stabilizes at around 2 weeks after the start of the absorption process. The variation of elastic modulus and damping factor showed a direct correlation with water content in the composite, and both properties remained constant when the absorbed water content stabilized. These results were interpreted as an indication that the composites suffered only physical aging due to water absorption, at the immersion times used in this work. The mechanical properties evaluated by the bending test decreased after absorption of water, but the obtained variations were small. The results obtained indicate that the absorbed water acts as a plasticizer in this composite, but does not cause chemical aging.
References
GIBSON RF. Principles of composite material mechanics, Singapore, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
PICKERING SJ. Recycling technologies for thermoset composite materials—current status. Composites: Part A 2006; 37: 1206-1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.05.030
JOB S. Recycling glass fibre reinforced composites – history and progress. Reinforced Plastics 2013; 57(5): 19-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0034-3617(13)70151-6
MARSH G. Next step for automotive materials. Materials Today 2003; 6(4): 36-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(03)00429-2
LI Y, MAI YW and YE L. Sisal fibre and its composites: a review of recent developments. Composites Science and Technology 2000; 60: 2037-2055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(00)00101-9
NANGIA S and BISWAS S. Jute Composite: Technology and Business Opportunities. http://www.tifac.org.in/news/adcomp.htm. Accessed March 2016.
Monteiro SN, Terrones LAH and d'Almeida JRM. Mechanical performance of coir fiber/polyester composites. Polymer Testing 2008; 27: 591-595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2008.03.003
Monteiro SN, Terrones LAH, De Carvalho EA and d'Almeida JRM. Efeito da Interface Fibra/Matriz Sobre a Resistência de Compósitos Poliméricos Reforçados com Fibras de Coco. Revista Matéria 2006; 11(4): 395-402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-70762006000400005
TEMER BC and D'ALMEIDA JRM. Characterization of the Tensile Behavior of Pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes) Fibers. Polymers from Renewable Resources 2012; 3(2): 33-42.
d'Almeida JRM, Aquino RCMP and Monteiro SN. Tensile mechanical properties, morphological aspects and chemical characterization of piassava (Attalea funifera) fibers, Composites: Part A 2006; 37: 1473-1479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.03.035
BOYNARD CA and D'ALMEIDA JRM. Morphological characterization and mechanical behavior of sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica)-polyester composite materials. Polymer- Plastics Technology and Engineering 2000; 39(3): 489-499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/PPT-100100042
d'Almeida ALFS, Barreto DW, Calado V and D'almeida JRM. Effects of derivatization on sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) fibers. Polymers and Polymer Composites 2006; 14: 73-80.
Demir H, Atikler U, Balköse D and Tihminlioglu F. The effect of fiber surface treatments on the tensile and water sorption properties of polypropylene–luffa fiber composites. Composites: Part A 2006; 37: 447-456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.05.036
Chacón YG, Paciornik S and D'almeida JRM. Microstructural evaluation and flexural mechanical behavior of pultruded glass fiber composites. Materials Science and Engineering A 2010; 528(1): 172-179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.09.010
Signor AW, Van Landingham MR and Chin JW. Effects of ultraviolet radiation exposure on vinyl ester resins: characterization of chemical, physical and mechanical damage. Polymer Degradation and Stability 2003; 79(2): 359-368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0141-3910(02)00300-2
SHEN CH and SPRINGER GS. Moisture Absorption and Desorption of Composite Materials. Journal of Composite Materials 1976; 10: 2-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002199837601000101
BOYNARD CA and D'ALMEIDA JRM. Water absorption by sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica)-polyester composite materials. Journal of Materials Science Letters 1999; 18: 1789-1791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006643630959
Costa FHMM and d'Almeida JRM. Effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of sisal and jute fiber composites. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 1999; 38: 1081-1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03602559909351632
Valentin D, Paray F and Guetta B. The hygrothermal behaviour of glass fibre reinforced PA66 composites: a study of the effect of water absorption on their mechanical properties. Journal of Materials Science 1987; 22: 46-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01160550
Chandra R, Singh SP and Gupta K. Damping studies in fiberreinforced composites: a review. Composite Structures 1999; 46: 41-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(99)00041-0
Gautier L, Mortaigne B and Bellenger V. Interface damage study of hydrothermally aged glass-fibre-reinforced polyester composites. Composites Science and Technology 1999; 59: 2329-2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00085-8
Tsenoglou CJ, Pavlidou S and Papaspyrides CD. Evaluation of interfacial relaxation due to water absorption in fiber– polymer composites. Composites Science and Technology 2006; 66: 2855-2864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.02.022
