Stem Cell Therapy in Some Rheumatic Diseases: Is Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation A Hope for Refractory Autoimmune Diseases?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2013.01.01.4Keywords:
Stem cells rheumatic diseases.Abstract
Stem cells are cells with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body. They serve as a repair system for the body. There are two main types of stem cells: embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.
Doctors and scientists are excited about stem cells because they have potential in many different areas of health and medical research. Immunoablative therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an intensive treatment modality aimed at‘resetting’ the dysregulated immune system of a patient with immunoablative therapy and allow outgrowth of a nonautogressive immune system from reinfused hematopoietic stem cells, either from the patient (autologous HSCT) or a healthy donor (allogeneic HSCT).
Animal studies have demonstrated that HSCs play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases AD. Adoptive transfer of HSCs after immunoablative therapy caused, prevented, or cured AD.
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are of a rapidly moving field in rheumatology, initially based on their cartilage/bone differentiation potential now partly eclipsed by their capacity to counteract adverse host immune responses, improve angiogenesis and prevent fibrosis. Indeed, MSCs are the progenitors of multiple tissues including bone, cartilage, muscle, fat and tendon. At present, MSCs seem to be the best candidates for cell therapy to regenerate injured tissue as they are easily isolated from bone marrow (BM) or adipose tissue and can be rapidly amplified. This has open novel therapeutic applications for various diseases including RA, bone and cartilage genetic disorders as well as bone metastasis.
In this review I discuss role of stem cell therapy in various rheumatic diseases.
References
Cipriani P, Carubbi F, Liakouli V, Marrelli A, Perricone C, Perricone R, et al. Stem cells in autoimmune diseases: Implications for pathogenesis and future trends in therapy. Autoimmun Rev 2012; doi:pii: S1568-9972(12)00262-5. 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.10.004.
[Epub ahead of print].
Rossant J. Stem cells from the mammalian blastocyst. Stem Cells 2001; 19: 477-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1634/stemcells.19-6-477
Takahashi K, Tanabe K, Ohnuki M, et al. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors. Cell 2007; 131: 861-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.019
Tyndall A. Application of autologous stem cell transplantation in various adult and pediatric rheumatic disease. Pediatr Res 2012; 71(4 Pt 2).
Alexander T, Gualandi F, Gruhn B, Ouyang J, Rzepecki P, Held G, et al. EBMT Autoimmune Disease Working Party members. Autologous stem cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2004; 13(3): 168-76.
Alchi B, Jayne D, Labopin M, Kotova O, Sergeevicheva V, Alexander T, et al. EBMT Autoimmune Disease Working Party members. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus: data from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. Lupus 2013; 22(3): 245-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203312470729
Snowden JA, Kearney P, Kearney A, Cooley HM, Grigg A, Jacobs P, et al. Long-term outcome of autoimmune disease following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Arthritis Rheum 1998; 41: 453-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1529-0131(199803)41:3<453::AIDART11> 3.0.CO;2-#
Hinterberger W, Hinterberger-Fischer M, Marmont A. Clinically demonstrable anti-autoimmunity mediated by allogeneic immune cells favorably affects outcome after stem cell transplantation in human autoimmune diseases. Bone Marrow Transpl 2002; 30: 753-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1703686
Wong JB, Ramey DR, Singh G. Long-term morbidity, mortality, and economics of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 2746-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1529- 0131(200112)44:12<2746::AID-ART461>3.0.CO;2-Z
Wong JB, Singh G, Kavanaugh A. Estimating the costeffectiveness of 54 weeks of infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Med 2002; 113: 400-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(02)01243-3
Bingham SJ, Moore JJ. Stem cell transplantation for autoimmune disorders Rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2004; 17(2): 263-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beha.2004.05.002
Snowden JA, Passweg J, Moore JJ, Milliken S, Cannell P, Van Laar J, et al. Autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in severe rheumatoid arthritis: a report from the EBMT and ABMTR. J Rheumatol 2004; 31(3): 482-8.
Chen FH, Tuan RS. Mesenchymal stem cells in arthritic diseases. Arthritis Res Therapy 2008; 10: 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/ar2514
Kastrinaki MC, Pontikoglou C, Klaus M, Stavroulaki E, Pavlaki K, Papadaki HA. Biologic characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in myelodysplastic syndromes. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2011; 6(2): 122-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488811795495422
Lawrence RC, Felson DT, Helmick CG, Arnold LM, Choi H, Deyo RA, et al. National Arthritis Data Workgroup: Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part II. Arthritis Rheum 2008; 58: 26-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.23176
Hunziker EB. Articular cartilage repair: basic science and clinical progress. A review of the current status and prospects. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2002; 10: 432-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/joca.2002.0801
Murphy JM, Fink DJ, Hunziker EB, Barry FP. Stem cell therapy in a caprine model of osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 48: 3464-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.11365
Augello A, Tasso R, Negrini SM, Cancedda R, Pennesi G. Cell therapy using allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells prevents tissue damage in collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56: 1175-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.22511
Fox JM, Chamberlain G, Ashton BA, Middleton J. Recent advances into the understanding of mesenchymal stem cell trafficking. Br J Haematol 2007; 137: 491-502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06610.x
Fournier C. Where do T cells stand in rheumatoid arthritis? Joint Bone Spine 2005; 72: 527-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2004.12.012
Mor A, Abramson SB, Pillinger MH. The fibroblast-like synovial cell in rheumatoid arthritis: a key player in inflammation and joint destruction. Clin Immunol 2005; 115: 118-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2004.12.009
Fox DA. The role of T cells in the immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: new perspectives. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40: 598-609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.1780400403
Toussirot E, Wendling D. The use of TNF-alpha blocking agents in rheumatoid arthritis: an update. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2007; 8: 2089-107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14656566.8.13.2089
Morito T, Muneta T, Hara K, Ju YJ, Mochizuki T, Makino H, et al. Synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells increase after intra-articular ligament injury in humans. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47: 1137-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/ken114
Marinova-Mutafchieva L, Williams RO, Funa K, Maini RN, Zvaifler NJ. Inflammation is preceded by tumor necrosis factor-dependeninfiltration of mesenchymal cells in experimental arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46: 507-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.10126
Jones EA, English A, Henshaw K, Kinsey SE, Markham AF, Emery P, et al. Enumeration and phenotypic characterization of synovial fluid multipotential mesenchymal progenitor cells in inflammatory and degenerative arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50: 817-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.20203
Bocelli-Tyndall C, Bracci L, Spagnoli G, Braccini A, Bouchenaki M, Ceredig R, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) from healthy donors and autoimmune disease patients reduce the proliferation of autologous- and allogeneic-stimulated lymphocytes in vitro. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 46: 403-408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kel267
Zheng ZH, Li XY, Ding J, Jia JF, Zhu P. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell and mesenchymal stem celldifferentiated chondrocyte suppress the responses of type II collagen-reactive T cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47: 22-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kem284
Liang J, Zhang H, Hua B, et al. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: a pilot clinical study. Ann Rheumatic Dis 2010; 69(8): 1423-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2009.123463
Sun L, Wang D, Liang J, et al. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in severe and refractory systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2010; 62(8): 2467-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.27548
Zhang L, Bertucci AM, Ramsey-Goldman R, Burt RK, Datta SK. Regulatory T cell (Treg) subsets return in patients with refractory lupus following stem cell transplantation, and TGF- ????-producing CD8+ Treg cells are associated with immunological remission of lupus. J Immunol 2009; 183(10): 6346-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0901773
